Ming-Fa Lin is a distinguished professor in the Department of Physics, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan. This book is based upon research undertaken by the Research Group he leads at the university department. He received his Ph.D. in physics in 1993 from the National Tsing-Hua University, Taiwan. His main scientific interests focus on essential properties of carbon-related materials and low-dimensional systems. He is a member of American Physical Society, American Chemical Society, and Taiwan Physical Society.